How to Start A Home Business

A step-by-step guide for starting a small business at home.

By Brad Nakase, Attorney

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Starting a small business from your home requires careful planning and preparation, but there are also some things you can skip.

If you are interested in starting a small company from the comforts of your own home, you are not alone. The COVID-19 pandemic has fundamentally changed the business world’s traditional structure, and currently, more and more people are deciding to work from home.

Launching a startup from home is no doubt an intriguing idea, and it comes with many perks. However, to set your business up for success, you will need to do your homework. From important tasks to essential documents and registering your company correctly, there are numerous steps to stay on top of. Here, we will simplify the different aspects of starting your new home business, so you can begin the process successfully.

Starting an At-Home Business in 10 Easy Steps

If you are curious about what starting a small business to run from your home entails, you are in good company. Currently, over 50% of all home businesses in the U.S. are based at home, and just under 70% of startups are home-based companies. This means that every 12 seconds, a home-based business is started.

These surprising statistics tell a story, but before you rush to open up your own home business, be aware that they do not tell the entire story. It is not as simple as updating your laptop and opening the doors to your kitchen or living room. The home startup process requires careful planning, documentation, and a keen sense of preparation in order to abide by legal standards and start your company on official terms.

That said, there are also a number of tasks that you can omit from this process, such as locating an office or a brick-and-mortar for your business. This will allow you to focus on what is essential. Here are the ten steps, and if at any point you would like clarification, counsel, or advice, contact our attorneys at Nakase Wade.

Step 1: Choose a Well-Vetted, Potentially Successful Idea

If you haven’t decided what type of business you would like to start, what are you waiting for? This is an essential part of the process, and the more specific you can be, the better. Being focused in your planning will allow you to fill a niche in the market.

Don’t worry: if you have not chosen a business type yet, we can help you make some progress. This is a fundamental decision that will impact the rest of the process, so think carefully and do not rush it or take it lightly. It will help to consider these questions:

  • What are your marketable skills or natural talents?

What are you passionate about? Thinking and brainstorming in these terms is a great way to make sure that your business will fit your personality and will also be something that you are excited to work on every day. Not every aspect of running a business from home is enjoyable, of course, but if your business stems from something you love or care about, then it will feel less like a job and more like an exciting pursuit. We all have specific talents, so really be honest with yourself and consider what it is you do well.

  • What business ideas can you find within your talents, interests, and skills?

Now it is time for you to be honest with yourself again because not everything you are passionate about or good at can translate to a strong business plan. You may be a talented chef, but you also might not be ready to start a restaurant or catering business, or the market simply isn’t there in your location. Then again, maybe you are / it is!

  • Is it feasible to run your chosen business from home?

Once you find an idea or series of ideas that are in sync with your interests and passions, you’ll need to consider if fusing any of them with a home business is practical. While your home offers convenience, it is not without its limitations. There also may be state or federal laws/regulations to contend with. This is when it is helpful to have a small list of ideas and hypothetically test them out. The chances are that you will arrive at one idea that you think you can execute from home, and that checks all the other boxes.

  • Research your new idea

Now that you have found an idea, you will want to play around with it a bit. At this point, remember to stay flexible and open to changes and revisions. Conduct some market research on your concept; for example: are there businesses similar to this in your area? What does a target market look like? How much value do you think this concept has, and most importantly, do you see a need for it?

  • Costs of starting up

Different business ideas can demand very different startup costs, depending on the materials and resources needed. A writer may only need a laptop, wifi connectivity, and ideas for topics. But a clothing designer will probably need packaging materials and inventory as well as raw materials to work with. A cost estimate for starting up and also running the business on a daily basis, while approximate, will help.

  • Test out the new idea

From offering free services to a select few to promoting it on social media or a crowdfunding site, there is a range of ways to test out your new idea. While you should take these small-scale results with a grain of salt, the big-picture can inform you if this idea is worthwhile or if you should go back to the drawing board. Many ideas fail at this stage, or just need an adjustment, so do not be disillusioned if you need to make some changes.

Step 2: Get a Business Plan Down on Paper

You have arrived at your idea and are confident in its selling and earning potential. Now it is time to organize and outline the actual plan for your home business. You should be prepared for a fairly extensive process, but most successful entrepreneurs will tell you that a cohesive and well-thought-out business plan is one of the most integral steps of this process. If you want your home business to grow and progress, you will want to take your time with your business plan. While plans can differ from company to company, the basic template is this:

  1. Executive summary
  2. Brief overview of home business
  3. Market analysis
  4. Description of product/service
  5. Sales/marketing plan
  6. Financial plan and projections

This process will allow you the opportunity to consider your future business operations in a more focused and expansive way. In other words, you will be forced to add details to your idea for a home business. The business plan will also be useful when applying for funding or looking for investors.

Additionally, writing your business plan will push you to become more familiar with your idea and chosen field. If this is a relatively new market for you, the more information you can gather about risks and the current industry leaders, the better.

Step 3: Select a Business Name

An often-overlooked step to forming a home business is choosing the name of the company. While it is important to have a memorable business name that captures peoples’ attention, it is also helpful if your name is informative and clearly communicates what your company does. After you have decided on an official business name or a few finalists, you will want to ensure that it is available and not already in use. You can check with the United States Patent and Trademark office, try the secretary of state’s website, or just search on Google.

We also strongly recommend that you also check to see if the corresponding domain name is available. These days, your domain and website are just as important as your business’ physical presence, and this is even more important for your home business. It is essential that your domain name and website name should be in accordance with your business name, so make sure that all of these options are available before you commit to that new name.

Step 4: Decide on a Business Structure

After branding your business with an original name, it is time to figure out what type of business entity you will be running. When deciding on the structure for your home business, be aware that you’ll need to consider tax structure, exposure to legal risks, and if you will need to register your company with the state.

Since choosing a business structure can be complicated, it might make sense to check in with a business attorney at this point. A skilled lawyer can help make sure that you’ve chosen the correct structure for your business, a structure that will allow your business to grow and allow you the time and space to focus on the day-to-day operations of working from home. In any case, here is a quick breakdown of the available types of business entities you can choose from, so you can begin to figure out what arrangement will work best for you.

  • Sole Proprietorship

Used by most home businesses, sole proprietorships are easy to start up since there is no need to register with your state. Filing taxes is an easy process, and there aren’t any corporate formalities and not much paperwork to fill out. However, be aware that when running this sort of business, you are left individually responsible for the debts and liabilities of the company. This means that there is no separation between yourself and your business. Also, it can be more difficult to build business credit as opposed to other arrangements.

  • Limited Liability Corporation (LLC)

LLCs remain a popular choice, in part because the individual is not individually responsible for the company’s debts and liabilities. You are able to choose how an LLC is taxed, which allows more freedom, and LLCs also feature fewer formalities than other corporation types. On the negative side, however, LLCs require more funding to start as opposed to other structures, and you will have to deal with registering with the state.

  • General Partnership

This business structure is relatively painless to start since you also do not need to worry about registering with the state. Also, on the plus side, business partners are able to divide up profits and losses and also can deduct their losses via personal tax returns. However, in a G.P., each business owner assumes personal responsibility for all liabilities and debts, it is tough to build business credit, and sometimes problems between partners can damage businesses.

  • C Corporation

Some benefits of C corps are that business owners do not assume personal responsibility for the liabilities and debts of the business and are able to take advantage of more tax deductions and lower self-employment taxes than the other structures. Drawbacks include the requirement of corporate formalities, the inability to deduct business losses on personal tax returns, as well as double taxation. Also, C corps can be among the most businesses to start.

  • Sole Proprietorships & General Partnerships

If you decide that your home business will work well as a sole proprietorship, or a general proprietorship, there will be no need to register it with your state. This means that your business name will automatically become your legal name because you will not register with a specific business name. If you want to start your home business with a name that is different than your surname, simply file a DBA (doing business as) with the state. Then you’ll be able to run the business from your home under that DBA name.

Learn more: Compare business structures

Step 5: Registering your Home Business

If you have decided to form an LLC or a C Corporation, the next step is to register with the state. This ensures that you are ready to conduct business from home legally. Each state’s process is different, so check in with the business bureau and do some online research to make sure you are following the correct guidelines. For example, if you live in San Diego and are starting a business from home, check in with the California business bureau and/or the California Secretary of State’s office.

It is also essential that you register your new business entity with the federal government, and you can do this by filling out the application for an employer identification number, otherwise known as an EIN. EIN numbers help to streamline several necessary tasks on your to-do list, from opening a bank account for your business to hiring employees. Even if you do not have to get an EIN, we recommend applying for one through the IRS website. It’s one more thing that is relatively easy to do, and that will have major benefits for your home business down the road.

Step 6: License Your Home Business

Now that you are on your way to starting a home business, you are going to want to obtain the proper licenses. When your company is based at home, licensing requirements can be different than what is needed for other types of companies. Business licenses are also dependent on the state, so if your home is in California, check in with state websites and governing offices.

Licensing may be complicated and you may want to consult with our small business attorney.

Broadly, there are several licenses that can be useful to home businesses. These include:

  • Home occupation permits

The majority of home-based companies need to procure what is known as a ‘home occupation permit’ in order to legally operate. This license demonstrates that even though you are now running a company from your home, you will not be contributing to unsafe conditions in your neighborhood/area or adding traffic or noise.

  • Property use/zoning permits

When starting a home-based company, be certain to check on zoning ordinances in your locale because these may apply to your business. We would also recommend that you inquire with your city/town government office about other regulations that might apply to your business. For example, some areas have zoning laws that can limit or even prevent home businesses from running.

  • Common business permits/licenses

General licenses for businesses also exist, and it is important to be aware of these as well. Things like business operating licenses, trade licenses, or sales tax permits are not specific to home-based businesses but are still essential to find out about and possibly acquire in order to get your venture up and running.

Whatever structure you choose, and no matter what type of home business you are planning to start, you need to be cognizant of the licenses you will need. From freelance writing to online consulting, all types of companies, even those with small overheard, require licenses and permits. Not getting the proper permits can seriously hinder or even bring your new business to a halt, so if you have questions, consult a skilled lawyer for help with your questions.

Step 7: Divide Your Personal Finances from your Business Finances

By now, your home business is hopefully in good legal standing and on its way to becoming a legitimate entity. Congratulations! Now it’s time to think about the process of running your business from home in a financially responsible manner.

While we’ve discussed some of the perks of a home-based company, it can be difficult to stay on top of your financial gains and losses and keep everything in good order. Based on this, it is crucial to keep your personal finances separate from your business finances.

The most common business structures for home-based companies have a downside: they make the individual responsible for the debts and liabilities of the business. If you separate your finances effectively, though, you should be able to protect your personal assets. Other benefits to maintaining separate finances are that they make filing taxes, bookkeeping, and keeping a general sense of organization much easier.

  • Keeping Finances Separate: Personal and Business

We keep emphasizing the importance of keeping your personal finances apart from your business gains and losses, but what are some easy ways to do this? One of these is to open a business bank account. A separate account quickly helps to organize things like profits and payments to suppliers, merchants, services, and employees.

  • Business Bank Account

While there is a range of business-based bank accounts out there, it might be easiest to start with a bank where you already have an account. There are also free checking accounts and other sign-up deals to take advantage of. It also helps to decide what you want out of your banking experience: are you more focused on online/mobile banking or more interested in things such as free ACH payments?

  • Business Credit Card

A credit card that is designated for business use only is another way to ensure financial organization and separation. It also comes with the added benefit of creating business credit. Use this card for any and all transactions related to your company; you will not only build valuable credit but also make tax filing much easier. Depending on your credit rating, you can find a card that provides points with each purchase or other benefits. Start with your bank, consider the rewards preferences you prefer, and find the perfect card for you.

  • Accounting Software

These days, home-based businesses cannot function without the well-oiled machine that is accounting software. The home companies that you look up to probably use some version of this software simply because they can streamline your accounting process, your bookkeeping, and your tax filing process. If you are just starting out and do not want to add another cost to your ledger, there are free versions of accounting software that hold up well and other versions that are specifically designed for smaller companies. You should be able to tailor your software to your new business.

Step 8: Acquire Business Funding

When you work from home, you are able to immediately eliminate some traditional startup costs, such as renting a space or opening a physical store. This is one of the most significant benefits of an at-home business because it allows you to start with lower capital and also lower stress levels, and focus on new means of profit and exposure.

Learn more: Free money to start a business

However, at some point, you will need to search for and acquire funding. Whether it is at the start of your business journey or later, as you wish to grow your company, securing financing will become a concern. For example, many businesses deal with initial costs stemming from inventory or equipment. While most home-based companies are able to get started for less than $5,000, some businesses—especially those with employees—require more.

So, where do you turn? As opposed to established companies or brands, it can be more difficult for new businesses to secure traditional financing. However, a business-based credit card or a new line of credit or loan can provide a financial lift to your new business. There are also emerging forms of financing that are more creative in nature, such as crowdfunding sites. You also can ask friends or family to invest; just be careful in mixing business with family.

Step 9: Establish Your New Home Office

Running a prosperous home business begins in your home office. While this may seem like an insignificant step, maintaining an office that is professional and provides a separate space to focus on your work is essential.

Working where you live can be a challenge. While you may not have to commute to an office anymore and deal with traffic and the lag time it brings, your productivity can suffer. It is integral to establish your office in a spot that will maintain and increase productivity as well as keep your work life and home life separate.

Distractions are a necessary evil at home, and the ability to filter them out depends not only on your own sense of focus but the manner in which your office is set up. Here are a few tips:

  • Make sure that you set up your office in a designated space that will not change. Instead of floating around the house with your laptop, have one single place to go every morning.
  • Choose furniture that suits your purpose, the correct tools, and technology that will aid your mission and help you accomplish tasks more quickly and easily.
  • Decorate in a way that inspires you to focus and work hard.
  • Eliminate needless distractions such as television or the temptation to work on hobbies: if you play guitar, for example, do not have a guitar in your office (unless you’re a music teacher).

The advantages of working from home will continue to outweigh the disadvantages if you establish your office space in the correct way. When you think of your ideal home office, what do you envision?

Step 10: Study Your Deductions and Establish Tax Accounts

Figuring out how business taxes work is one of the most challenging aspects of running a home-based company. When you run your business from home, you will undoubtedly run into new and different tax issues. Now that you have your EIN and business structure all set, it is time to establish a payment process and schedule for your self-employment taxes. Once you figure out what you owe to the state and federal government, you have to set up withholding accounts for payroll and sales tax accounts if needed in your state.

On the bright side, conducting a home-based business allows you to take advantage of some valuable tax deductions. For example, if you use your home office only for your company, you may qualify for a home office deduction. Some simple math and possibly the use of Form 8829 will help you see if this deduction will work for you in your state. There are other home-based deductions that you can investigate, depending on the shape and size of your company, so it makes sense to designate some time to do some research well before tax season comes around. For advice, it also might make sense to contact one of our business lawyers & corporate attorneys at Nakase Wade.

  • Additional Recommendations for Home-Based Business Success

Even if you are a veteran small business owner or even have experience with working from home, you will quickly see that running a home-based business is an ongoing process. As you get set up, make your first few sales, and confront various issues, you will continue to learn. Here are a few tips that we’ve compiled from our experiences over the years.

  • Get business insurance

Although you might not be able to invest in insurance right away, as soon as you can, you should. Insurance can help mitigate your risks and protect your assets. To start out, check out a general liability policy for your home-based company.

  • Continually market your company

Your business plan should leave room for a marketing outline as well. When you start out, use social media and other online outlets, and above all, develop a uniform strategy to get the word of your new business out there. A marketing schedule is just as important as a payment schedule and can help you accumulate customers more quickly.

  • Invent and design a business website

A cleanly designed and functional website can be one of the most powerful mediums for business exposure. If you do not want to invest in a web designer, there are plenty of easy templates and services out there, such as WordPress or Squarespace. And we cannot overemphasize the power of social media in terms of interacting with your customers on an individual basis.

  • Hire employees as needed

A good rule of thumb regarding the hiring of employees is this: when your sales have increased to the point that you cannot handle it all yourself, then consider acquiring some help. If you cannot focus on all aspects of the business, then you might start losing out on profits. However, it is not as easy as simply hiring one or more people. Your tax structure will change with employees on board, as will your insurance policy. Hiring employees is a significant decision not to be taken lightly, but as a business grows, it usually becomes a necessary step.

Nakase Wade: California Business Lawyers and Corporate Attorneys, Here to Help You

Please contact our offices for a free consultation if you have any questions about the startup process, and good luck with your new home business.

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